The Acute Toxicity of Soursop Leaf Kombucha on Male Zebra Fish (Danio Rerio)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v5i1.301Keywords:
Ikan zebra, LC50, Kombucha daun sirsakAbstract
Pendahuluan: Kombucha daun sirsak merupakan minuman fermentasi yang mengandung senyawa fenolik dan berfungsi sebagai antioksidan, namun keamanannya belum diketahui. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan LC50 kombucha daun sirsak pada ikan zebra jantan dewasa. Metode: Uji toksisitas dilakukan pada lima dosis berbeda: 12.000 ppm, 25.000 ppm, 50.000 ppm, 100.000 ppm, dan 200.000 ppm, serta kelompok kontrol. Setiap akuarium berisi 10 ekor ikan zebra dalam 2 L air. Pengamatan terhadap perubahan perilaku berenang dan jumlah kematian dilakukan dalam waktu 96 jam setelah pemberian kombucha daun sirsak. Proses pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Probit. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan perilaku berenang dan kematian ikan zebra mulai terjadi pada dosis 50.000 ppm. Semakin tinggi dosis, semakin besar jumlah kematian. Nilai LC50 kombucha daun sirsak adalah 58.118 ppm. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan nilai LC50 ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombucha daun sirsak tidak bersifat toksik
References
Alkazman, BSM, Harnett , JE dan Hanrahan , JR. 2022. Ttraditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Annonacae. Molecules., May 27;27(11):3462. doi: 10.3390/molecules27113462.
. de Oliveira,P.V., da Silva Júnior,A.H, de Oliveira,C.R.S, Assumpção,C.F., 2023. Kombucha benefits, risks and regulatory frameworks: A review. Food Chemistry Advances , Oct. Vol.2. p. 100288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2023.100288.
. Onsun, B., Toprak , K and Sanlier , N. 2025. Kombucha Tea: A Functional Beverage and All its Aspects. Curr Nutr Rep., May 24;14(1):69. doi: 10.1007/s13668-025-00658-9.
. Wauran, V P. 2024. Toxicity Testing Of Soursop Leaf Extract (Annona muricata L.) as An Anticancer Candidate With The Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (Bslt) Method. Pharmacon, Hal. 13(2), 692–700. Https://Doi.Org/10.35799/Pha.13.2024.49449.
. Murphy, TE., Walia, K dan Farber , JM. 2018, Safety Aspects and Guidance for Consumers on the Safe Preparation, Handling and Storage of Kombucha — A Fermented Tea Beverage. Food Protection Trends, Vol 38, No. 5, p. 329–337.
. 6. Anantachoke, N., Duangrat, R., Sutthiphatkul, T., Ochaikul, D., & Mangmool, S. (2023). Kombucha Beverages Produced from Fruits, Vegetables, and Plants: A Review on Their Pharmacological Activities and Health Benefits. Foods, 12(9), 1818. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12091818.
. Zubaidah, E., Dea, EC and Sujuti,, H. 2022. Physicochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Kombucha Based on Various Concentration of Javanese Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza). Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology, Volume 44 Pagination 102467 ISSN 1878-8181.
. Antony, P and Vijayan , R. 2016. Acetogenins from Annona muricata as potential inhibitors of antiapoptotic proteins: a molecular modeling study. ADrug Des Devel Ther, Apr 13;10:1399-410. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S103216.
. Chahardehi, Amir Modarresi, Arsad, H and Lim, V., 2020. Zebrafish as a Successful Animal Model for ScreeningToxicity of Medicinal Plants. Plants, hal. (9),1345; doi:10.3390/plants9101345.
. Damayanti, Dini Sri dan Bintari, YR. 2024. Antibacterial And Antioxidant Potential of Three Kinds of Kombucha. Jurnal Kesehatan Syahkuala, 1-10. doi.org/10.24815/jks.v24i3.37228.
. Narko, T., Wibowo,M.S., Damayanti,S., Wibowo,I., 2020. Acute Toxicity Tests of Fermented Robusta Green Coffee Using Zebrafish Embryos (Danio rerio). Pharmacogn J., 12(3): 485-492.
. Satpathy, L. and Parida, SP. Acute Toxicity Assessment and Behavioral Responses Induced by Kandhamal haladi in Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio). 2021, Biointerface Research in Applied Chemestry, Volume 11, Issue 1, 7368 - 7381. https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC111.73687381.
. Mutakin, M., Fauziati, R., Fadhilah, F. N., Zuhrotun, A., Amalia, R., & Hadisaputri, Y. E. (2022). Pharmacological Activities of Soursop (Annona muricata Lin.). Molecules, 27(4), 1201. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules2704120114.
. Meeme, R., Mukisa, I M dan Mugabi, R. 2023. Kombucha Production in Uganda: Quality Aspects and Compliance with Standards. Food Scientech Journal, 5(2) , 145-165 http://dx.doi.org/10.33512/fsj.v5i2.
. Evans, DH. 1987. The Fish Gill: Site of Action and Model for Toxic Effects of Environmental Pollutants. Environ Health Perspect., Apr;71:47-58. doi: 10.1289/ehp.877147.
. Lewis, L. dan kwong, RWM., 2018. Zebrafish as a Model System for Investigating the Compensatory Regulation of Ionic Balance during Metabolic Acidosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., hal. 19(4), 1087; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19041087
. Zimmer, AM. and Perry, SF., 2022. Physiology and aquaculture: A review of ion and acid-base regulation by the gills of fishes. Fish and Fisheries, 25 MarcH , https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12659.
. JavadiEsfahani, R dan Kwong, RWM., 2019. The sensory-motor responses to environmental acidosis in larval zebrafish: Influences of neurotransmitter and water chemistry,. J Chemosphere, Vol 235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.133.
. Ragasa, C.Y., Soriano, G., Torres, O.B., Don, M., & Shen, C. (2012). Acetogenins from Annona muricata. Polymer Journal, 4, 32-37.
. Doğan, C. and Doğan, N. 2023. Kombucha Beverage: Comparative Study Based on Bioactive Properties and Antimicrobial Potentials of Different Plant Infusion. Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences , Vol. 9, Issue 1, Pages: 15-27.
. Zeb, A. 2020. Concept, mechanism, and applications of phenolic antioxidants in foods. J Food Biochem, hal. Sep;44(9):e13394. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13394.
. Jomová K, Hudecova L, Lauro P, Simunkova M, Alwasel SH, Alhazza IM, Valko M. A Switch between Antioxidant and Prooxidant Properties of the Phenolic Compounds Myricetin, Morin, 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavone, Taxifolin and 4-Hydroxy-Coumarin in the Presence of Copper(II) Ions: A Spectroscopic, Absorption Titration and DNA Damage Study. Molecules. 2019 Nov 27;24(23):4335. doi: 10.3390/molecules24234335. PMID: 31783535
. Spissu, Y., Gil, K. A., Dore, A., Sanna, G., Palmieri, G., Sanna, A., Cossu, M., Belhadj, F., Gharbi, B., Pinna, M. B., Barberis, A., Tuberoso, C. I. G., & D’hallewin, G. (2023). Anti- and Pro-Oxidant Activity of Polyphenols Extracts of Syrah and Chardonnay Grapevine Pomaces on Melanoma Cancer Cells. Antioxidants, 12(1), 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox1201008024.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Dini Sri Damayanti, Andini Tarisa Anwar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
