Aspek Klinis dan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium untuk Diagnosis Demam Berdarah Dengue
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v1i1.13Keywords:
Demam Berdarah Dengue, Pemeriksaan LaboratoriumAbstract
Infeksi dengue adalah infeksi virus melalui arthropoda yang ditemukan di seluruh dunia. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang terdiri dari empat serotipe dan masing-masing serotipe tersebut dapat menyebabkan penyakit. Patogenesis infeksi dengue, khususnya mekanisme manifestasi demam berdarah dengue (DBD) masih belum dipahami secara jelas. Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium pada demam berdarah dengue ditemukan trombositopenia (≤ 100.000/mm3), peningkatan hematokrit 20% dan uji Rumple Leed positif. Lima uji serologi dasar yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi antibodi dalam mendiagnosis infeksi dengue adalah hemaglutinasi-inhibisi (HI), fiksasi komplemen (CF), uji netralisasi (NT), IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA), dan IgG tidak langsung. ELISA. Pemeriksaan RT-PCR di sejumlah penelitian dilaporkan berhasil mendeteksi virus dengue. Pemeriksaan ini memiliki spesifisitas dan sensitivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan isolasi virus dengan waktu perputaran yang cepat. Pemeriksaan laboratorium pada infeksi dengue meliputi pemeriksaan hematologi, serologi dan asam nukleat yang berperan dalam mendukung diagnosis demam berdarah dengue secara cepat dan akurat.
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