Imunopatogenesis Karsinoma Hepatoselular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v1i4.61Keywords:
Karsinoma Hepatoselular, imunopatogenesisAbstract
Karsinoma Hepatoselular (KHS) yang diinduksi oleh HBV dan HCV berkembang dalam lingkungan peradangan dan regenerasi yang dihasilkan dari kerusakan hati kronis, menunjukkan bahwa patogenesis KHS dimediasi oleh kekebalan tubuh. Protein yang dikodekan HBV dan HCV mengubah ekspresi gen inang dan fenotipe seluler yang diakui sebagai ciri khas kanker. Perubahan-perubahan ini mendorong proliferasi faktor-independen, resistensi terhadap hambatan pertumbuhan, invasi dan metastasis jaringan, angiogenesis, pemrograman ulang metabolisme energi, dan resistensi terhadap apoptosis dalam menghadapi serangan kekebalan yang persisten dan selama intervensi terapi. Peradangan kronis juga meningkatkan ketidakstabilan genetik dalam sel tumor. Sel T regulator (Tregs) merupakan sel supresor yang dikenal paling baik dan telah dikenal menyupresi imunitas terhadap tumor dalam beberapa penelitian. Sel Treg memproduksi sitokin imunosupresi seperti interleukin 10 (IL-10) yang akan menyupresi sel T CD4 dan CD8 sehingga tumor dapat bertahan tetap ada. Sel Treg berperan utama dalam inhibisi sel T yang spesifik terhadap tumor dalam perkembangan KHS
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